Healthy Skepticism Library item: 6095

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Publication type: Journal Article

Carroll NV, Smith JC, Berringer RA, Oestreich GL.
Evaluation of an automated system for prior authorization: a COX-2 inhibitor example.
Am J Manag Care 2006 Sep 01; 12:(9):501-8
http://www.ajmc.com/Article.cfm?ID=3187&CFID=3768231&CFTOKEN=45537093

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of an automated prior authorization (PA) system (SmartPA) in reducing use of and expenditures for cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors. STUDY DESIGN: Before and after with control group. METHODS: After implementation of SmartPA in Missouri, changes in use of and expenditures for COX-2 inhibitors, COX-2 substitutes (traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs] and other products for pain), and gastrointestinal (GI) protective agents were compared between the Medicaid program of Missouri and that of a state with no PA program for COX-2 inhibitors. Subjects were continuously enrolled for the 24-month study period and had a claim for a COX-2 inhibitor in the 12-month baseline period. Analyses included comparison of means and linear regression. Regressions controlled for age, sex, risk for GI complications, severity of illness, and the interaction between state and risk. RESULTS: Changes in expenditures for COX-2 inhibitors, NSAIDs, other pain drugs, and GI-protective drugs were $256 higher, $56 lower, $21 higher, and $198 higher, respectively, in the control state among low-risk patients. Changes in expenditures were $102 higher, $12 lower, $21 lower, and $185 higher, respectively, in the control state among high-risk patients. Results were similar for drug utilization. CONCLUSION: Implementation of SmartPA resulted in reduced use of and expenditures for COX-2 inhibitors and reduced net expenditures for all pain and GI-protective medications. These effects were greatest for patients at low risk for GI complications.