Healthy Skepticism Library item: 3599

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Publication type: Journal Article

Wilmshurst JM, van Toorn R, Newton CR.
Withdrawal of parenteral phenobarbitone--implications for resource-poorcountries.
S Afr Med J 2005 Jun 01; 95:(6):422-3
http://blues.sabinet.co.za/WebZ/Authorize?sessionid=0:autho=pubmed:password=pubmed2004&/AdvancedQuery?&format=F&next=images/ejour/m_samj/m_samj_v95_n6_a17.pdf

Abstract:

Parenteral phenobarbitone is an integral part of the management of status epilepticus, especially in the context of resource-poor countries. It is highly effective at controlling seizures. It is safe, cheap, can be given by rapid intravenous push or intramuscular route, boluses can be repeated, and it is recommended as part of the Advanced Paediatric Life Support guidelines. The proposed alternatives lack efficacy, practicality and/or place the child in status epilepticus at risk of respiratory compromise. The impact of the loss of parenteral phenobarbitone would be increased cardiac complications, lack of early seizure control, prolonged seizures resulting in brain damage and systemic complications. Increased numbers of patients will require artificial ventilation in centres without facilities, and centres with facilities will be unable to cope with the load of ventilated patients because of lack of safe transport systems and bed space.

Keywords:
Algorithms Anticonvulsants/administration & dosage* Child Developing Countries Drug Industry* Health Services Accessibility Humans Infusions, Parenteral Organizational Policy* Phenobarbital/administration & dosage* South Africa Status Epilepticus/drug therapy*