Healthy Skepticism Library item: 20344

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Publication type: Journal Article

DiMasi JA, Hansen RW, Grabowski HG.
The price of innovation: new estimates of drug development costs.
J Health Econ 2003; 22:(2):151-85
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167629602001261

Abstract:

The research and development costs of 68 randomly selected new drugs were obtained from a survey of 10 pharmaceutical firms. These data were used to estimate the average pre-tax cost of new drug development. The costs of compounds abandoned during testing were linked to the costs of compounds that obtained marketing approval. The estimated average out-of-pocket cost per new drug is 403 million US dollars (2000 dollars). Capitalizing out-of-pocket costs to the point of marketing approval at a real discount rate of 11% yields a total pre-approval cost estimate of 802 million US dollars (2000 dollars). When compared to the results of an earlier study with a similar methodology, total capitalized costs were shown to have increased at an annual rate of 7.4% above general price inflation.

Keywords:
Capital Expenditures/statistics & numerical data* Costs and Cost Analysis Data Collection Drug Approval/economics Drug Evaluation/economics* Drug Evaluation, Preclinical/economics Drug Industry/economics* Drugs, Investigational/economics Humans Inflation, Economic Organizational Innovation Research Support as Topic/economics* United States